When trying, with mixed results, to make VCD's in Nero, it keeps informing me that 352x240 at 29.97 fps is the standard for VCD's. I'm confused - isn't the standard resolution of a video signal 720x480? Is the VCD standard, in fact, of a lesser resolution than standard TV signal? Do I understand correctly that then if the VCD is 352x240, then the final output displayed by the TV will be 176x120 at 59.94 FPS? Isn't that a little low? Also, what "step" of the process actually does the separation of the fields into ~60 FPS? Is it the player on the way to the TV or the TV as it receives the signal? Do programs like Windows Media Player do this exact same field separation method as a TV when they played media files? Also, I did an experiment that confused me further. I encoded several different MPGs of the same AVI clip. One was 720x480 - it didn't play at all on my DVD player. Another was "reencoded" by Nero to be VCD compliant and played fine. Still another I set to encode to the exact specifications of what Nero said was compliant, but I encoded it in TMPGEnc. This MPG had sloppy, inconsistant playback on my player, yet these two supposedly had the exact same settings. Can anyone provide some insight for me? I would greatly appreciate it. Thanks.